Common Stock is the securities issued by public companies to mobilize funds from the publics. Shareholders have a direct stake in the issuer company and are entitled to vote and participate in major decisions at the shareholders' meetings.

Preferred Stock are also equity instruments. The difference between a preferred share and an ordinary share is that the holder of preferred shares will be entitled to a share in the company's funds before ordinary shareholders do.

Bond is a contractual agreement between lender (investor) and borrower (issuer). The issuer is obligated to pay the lenders/investors periodic coupon payments until the stated maturity. Thus, bond investor has the claim of the future cash flows from holding the bond.

A warrant holder is entitled to buy a fixed amount of shares at a predetermined price and time. Warrants are issued in conjunction with a new share issue to induce investors to subscribe to the new shares.

An NVDR is a new trading instrument issued by Thai NVDR. It is a valid security as specified by SEC and is automatically regarded as a listed security by SET. By investing in NVDR, investors receive the same financial benefits as those who invest directly in a company's ordinary shares.